Learn how to talk about various eras in time
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Kellie: Hi everyone, and welcome back to SwedishPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 18 - Do You Know Your Swedish History? Kellie here. |
| Vicky: Hej! I'm Vicky. |
| Kellie: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to talk about eras, decades, and centuries. The conversation takes place at home. |
| Vicky: It's between Annie and Kalle. |
| Kellie: The speakers are friends, so they’ll use informal Swedish. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Annie: Visste du att Sveriges befolkning fram till 1950 (nittonhundrafemtio)-talet var väldigt etniskt homogen i jämförelse med andra industrialiserade länder? |
| Kalle: Oj! Det visste jag inte. Det är svårt att föreställa sig. |
| Annie: Ja, men sen under efterkrigstiden har invandringen till Sverige tydligen ökat. |
| Kalle: Från när räknas som efterkrigstiden? |
| Annie: Från slutet av 1940 (nittonhundrafyrtio)-talet tror jag. Från andra halvan av 50 (femtio)-talet och framåt var det tydligen mycket arbetskraftsinvandring till Sverige. |
| Kalle: Som min pappa alltså. Han kom ju till Sverige på 60 (sextio)-talet för att jobba. |
| Annie: Ja, just det. |
| Kalle: Hur vet du allt det här förresten? |
| Annie: Jag läser på Wikipedia såklart. |
| Kellie: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Annie: Did you know that until the 1950s Sweden's population was very ethnically homogeneous when compared to other industrialized countries? |
| Kalle: Wow! I didn't know that. It's hard to imagine. |
| Annie: Yeah, but since the postwar period, immigration to Sweden has apparently increased. |
| Kalle: When counts as the postwar period? |
| Annie: From the late 1940s I think. From the second half of the 50s and onwards there was apparently lots of labor immigration to Sweden. |
| Kalle: Like my dad then. He came to Sweden in the 60s to work. |
| Annie: Yeah, that's right |
| Kalle: How do you know all this by the way? |
| Annie: I'm reading it on Wikipedia of course. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Kellie: Vicky, I've heard that immigration in Sweden has become a very hot topic in the past few years. |
| Vicky: Yes. Over the past 150 years Sweden has gone from an emigration country to an immigration country. We have many refugees, especially from Syria, Afghanistan, and Somalia. The number of single children applying for asylum has gone up drastically in the last few years. |
| Kellie: That may be because more than 50% of the world's refugees are children under 18. |
| Vicky: Right. Even though Sweden has always been seen as an immigration friendly and liberal country, in the past few years opposition from a political party has led to a split in Swedish opinion when it comes to immigration. It’s a very sensitive topic today. |
| Kellie: I see. What’s the Swedish word for "asylum seeking refugees?" |
| Vicky: asylsökande flyktingar |
| Kellie: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Kellie: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Vicky: etnisk [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: ethnic |
| Vicky: etnisk [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Vicky: etnisk [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: Next we have.. |
| Vicky: homogen [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: homogeneous |
| Vicky: homogen [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Vicky: homogen [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: Next we have.. |
| Vicky: industrialiserad [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: industrialized |
| Vicky: industrialiserad [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Vicky: industrialiserad [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: Next we have.. |
| Vicky: att föreställa sig [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: to imagine |
| Vicky: att föreställa sig [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Vicky: att föreställa sig [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: Next we have.. |
| Vicky: efterkrigstid [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: postwar period |
| Vicky: efterkrigstid [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Vicky: efterkrigstid [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: Next we have.. |
| Vicky: invandring [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: immigration |
| Vicky: invandring [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Vicky: invandring [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: Next we have.. |
| Vicky: arbetskraft [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: labor |
| Vicky: arbetskraft [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Vicky: arbetskraft [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: Next we have.. |
| Vicky: befolkning [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: population |
| Vicky: befolkning [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Vicky: befolkning [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: And lastly.. |
| Vicky: att räknas som [natural native speed] |
| Kellie: to be counted as, to qualify as |
| Vicky: att räknas som [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Vicky: att räknas som [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Kellie: Let's have a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is.. |
| Vicky: att föreställa sig |
| Kellie: which means “to imagine.” |
| Vicky: att means “to”, föreställa means “imagine” and sig means “yourself.” att föreställa sig |
| Kellie: It means “to create a mental image” or “concept” of something, or is used when you are trying to explain an image to someone. You can use it in the same way as the English “to imagine” in both formal and informal situations. |
| Vicky: For example...Jag kan inte föreställa mig hur det såg ut innan städningen. |
| Kellie: “I can't imagine what it looked like before the clean-up.” |
| Vicky: Föreställ dig en stilig man med mörkt hår. |
| Kellie: “Imagine a handsome man with dark hair.” Okay, what's the next word? |
| Vicky: invandring |
| Kellie: which means “immigration.” |
| Vicky: invandring comes from the Swedish verb invandra, “to immigrate.” |
| Kellie: You can often find this noun in the news and in political contexts. |
| Vicky: For example... Invandringen är minimal i Kina |
| Kellie: “Immigration to China is minimal.” |
| Vicky: Immigrationen bidrar till ett mångkulturellt land. |
| Kellie: .. which means “Immigration contributes to a multi-cultural country.” Okay, what's the last phrase? |
| Vicky: att räknas som |
| Kellie: which means “to be counted as” or “to qualify as.” |
| Vicky: att means “to,” räknas is derived from the verb räkna, which means “count,” and som means “as.” att räknas som |
| Kellie: You can use it in both formal and informal situations. |
| Vicky: For example..Det räknas som en dubbel poäng på grund av den här regeln. |
| Kellie: “It counts as a double point because of this rule.” |
| Vicky: Det räknas inte för bollen nuddade golvet. |
| Kellie: .. which means “It doesn't count because the ball touched the floor.” Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Kellie: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to talk about eras, decades, and centuries in Swedish. Ok, let's start with decades. |
| Vicky: “Decade” in Swedish is Årtionde. It’s a singular noun and the plural form is årtionden, meaning “decades.” |
| Kellie: So how can you express decades when making a sentence in Swedish? |
| Vicky: You just have to add -talet to any even number of ten. -talet comes from the word tal, which means “number.” |
| Kellie: So you don’t have to use the word “decade” itself. Can you give us some examples? |
| Vicky: Sure, for example, tjugo-talet |
| Kellie: which means “the twenties.” |
| Vicky: femtio-talet |
| Kellie: “the fifties” |
| Vicky: nittio-talet |
| Kellie: “the nineties.” |
| Vicky: In the dialogue, we had Han kom ju till Sverige på 60 "sextio"-talet för att jobba. |
| Kellie: meaning "He came to Sweden in the 60s to work." |
| Vicky: Here’s another example, Jag är född på 90 (nittio) -talet. |
| Kellie: This means “I was born in the 90s.” Ok, now let's see how to talk about centuries. |
| Vicky: “Century” in Swedish is Århundrade and its plural is århundraden. Just as you add -talet to the decades, you do the same with the centuries. When you read a century, you say the number without the zeroes, then add hundra, which means “hundred,” and -talet. |
| Kellie: So we don’t use the word “century” itself. Can you give us some examples? |
| Vicky: Sure. 1900-talet |
| Kellie: 1900s |
| Vicky: 1800-talet |
| Kellie: 1800s |
| Vicky: The centuries in Swedish are easy to learn up to the 1990s, but there’s been a lot of debate as to how 2000 followed by -talet is supposed to be read. |
| Kellie: So how should we read it? |
| Vicky: According to the rule above it should be read as 2000-talet (tjugohundra talet). But a lot of people just say tvåtusen talet, which is also considered correct. |
| Kellie: How would you say 2015 in Swedish? |
| Vicky: The year 2015 can be said in two ways- tjugohundrafemton. which means “twenty hundred and fifteen” and tvåtusenfemton, which you can translate as “two thousand and fifteen.” |
| Kellie: Which one is the most common? |
| Vicky: Tvåtusenfemton is probably the most common way to say the year. |
| Kellie: Ok, let’s wrap up this lesson by giving a couple of examples. |
| Vicky: Sure. Vilket årtionde har du bäst minnen ifrån pappa? |
| Kellie: "Which decade do you have the best memories from, dad?" |
| Vicky: Enligt utgångsdatumet så gick den ut 1959 (nittonhundrafemtionio). |
| Kellie: "According to the expiration date, it expired in 1959." |
Outro |
| Kellie: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Vicky: Bye! |
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