Learn how to use interrogative pronouns
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Elin: Hej allihopa! I’m Elin. |
| Becky: Hi everyone, I’m Becky. Welcome back to SwedishPod101.com. This is Upper Beginner, Season 1, Lesson 12 - Running Into Friends at a Swedish Mall. In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use interrogative pronouns. |
| Elin: The conversation takes place in Emma and David’s apartment. |
| Becky: It’s between Emma and her partner David, and they are using informal Swedish, since they are a couple. |
| Elin: Great! Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Emma: Hej. Var har du varit? |
| David: Jag tog en fika med Kalle I centrum. |
| Emma: Kalle? Vem är Kalle? |
| David: Kalle är Sofias pappa. Sofia, Elsas kompis. |
| Emma: Jaha, den Kalle. Hade ni det trevligt? |
| David: Ja det var trevligt. Gissa vilka sprang på i affären sen. |
| Emma: Jag har ingen aning. Vilka träffade du? |
| David: Kristoffer och Mia. Dom hälsade till dig. |
| Becky: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Emma: Hej. Var har du varit? |
| David: Jag tog en fika med Kalle I centrum. |
| Emma: Kalle? Vem är Kalle? |
| David: Kalle är Sofias pappa. Sofia, Elsas kompis. |
| Emma: Jaha, den Kalle. Hade ni det trevligt? |
| David: Ja det var trevligt. Gissa vilka sprang på i affären sen. |
| Emma: Jag har ingen aning. Vilka träffade du? |
| David: Kristoffer och Mia. Dom hälsade till dig. |
| Becky: Now let's hear it with the English translation. |
| Emma: Hej. Var har du varit? |
| Emma: Hi. Where have you been? |
| David: Jag tog en fika med Kalle I centrum. |
| David: I went for a coffee with Kalle at the mall. |
| Emma: Kalle? Vem är Kalle? |
| Emma: Kalle? Who is Kalle? |
| David: Kalle är Sofias pappa. Sofia, Elsas kompis. |
| David: Kalle is Sofia’s dad. Sofia, Elsa’s friend. |
| Emma: Jaha, den Kalle. Hade ni det trevligt? |
| Emma: I see, that Kalle. Did you have a nice time? |
| David: Ja det var trevligt. Gissa vilka sprang på i affären sen. |
| David: Yeah, it was nice. Guess who I ran in to in the store after that. |
| Emma: Jag har ingen aning. Vilka träffade du? |
| Emma: I have no idea. Who did you meet? |
| David: Kristoffer och Mia. Dom hälsade till dig. |
| David: Kristoffer and Mia. They send their regards. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Becky: Sounds like David had a nice time at the mall. He ran into so many people he knew! But there is one thing that I would like to ask. |
| Elin: Sure. |
| Becky: Is “mall” the only Swedish word you use for malls? |
| Elin: Well, the term “centrum” can mean “mall”, but it’s actually a wider term, that’s not restricted to a single building with shops and restaurants. |
| Becky: So what do Swedes mean when they use that term? |
| Elin: The term “centrum” is often used in Swedish, when we’re talking about an area in a city or town, where people go to run their errands, such as the post office, the bank, or somewhere else you’d go shopping. |
| Becky: And what are the common features of a Swedish mall? |
| Elin: The “centrum” in Sweden usually have common features, with one or more grocery stores such as “ICA”, “Konsum” or “Willys”. There are usually also some banks, such as “Nordea”, “Swedbank” or “Handelsbanken”. |
| Becky: What about clothing and home decor stores? |
| Elin: It’s not unusual to find stores like “H&M”, “Lindex”, “Din sko” and “Hemtext”. Many “centrum” also have a “Systembolaget ” which is the chain of stores that are allowed to sell alcohol. |
| Becky: Listeners, keep those tips in mind! Now, let’s move on to the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Becky: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word we shall see is... |
| Elin: att vara [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to be |
| Elin: att vara [slowly - broken down by syllable] att vara [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next |
| Elin: vem [natural native speed] |
| Becky: who |
| Elin: vem [slowly - broken down by syllable] vem [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next |
| Elin: affär [natural native speed] |
| Becky: store |
| Elin: affär [slowly - broken down by syllable] affär [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next |
| Elin: att gissa [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to guess |
| Elin: att gissa [slowly - broken down by syllable] att gissa [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next |
| Elin: vilka [natural native speed] |
| Becky: who |
| Elin: vilka [slowly - broken down by syllable] vilka [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next |
| Elin: att springa på [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to run in to |
| Elin: att springa på [slowly - broken down by syllable] att springa på [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next |
| Elin: aning [natural native speed] |
| Becky: idea |
| Elin: aning [slowly - broken down by syllable] aning [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next |
| Elin: att hälsa till [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to send ones regards |
| Elin: att hälsa till [slowly - broken down by syllable] att hälsa till [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next |
| Elin: centrum [natural native speed] |
| Becky: mall |
| Elin: centrum [slowly - broken down by syllable] centrum [natural native speed] |
| Becky: And last... |
| Elin: kompis [natural native speed] |
| Becky: friend |
| Elin: kompis [slowly - broken down by syllable] kompis [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Becky: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Elin: The first word we need to talk about is the verb “att springa på”. |
| Becky: And that translates to “to run in to”. |
| Elin: Well, it obviously doesn’t mean that you actually run into someone - it’s used the same way as in English. |
| Becky: Ok, and what else do we have? |
| Elin: Next we have the verb “att hälsade till”. |
| Becky: Which translates to “to send one’s regards”. |
| Elin: That’s right, but I think we should spend some extra time on this one, because it can easily be confused with the verb “att hälsa”, which can mean both “to greet” and “to visit”. |
| Becky: I see how that could be confusing for non-native speakers, so what’s a way you can tell them apart? |
| Elin: Just look for the prepositions “till” meaning “to” and “på” meaning ”on”. If the preposition “på” is used after the verb “att hälsa”, it usually means either “to greet” or “to visit”. And most of the time, you can tell from the context whether it means “to greet” or “to visit”. |
| Becky: How would you say, “I’m going to visit Lisa this weekend”? |
| Elin: “Jag ska hälsa på Lisa i helgen”. |
| Becky: What about, “Lisa and Anna greeted each other, when they ran into each other outside the store.”? |
| Elin: That’s, “Lisa och Anna hälsade på varandra, när de sprang på varandra utanför affären”. But just to clarify, when we see the preposition “till” meaning “to” after the verb “att hälsa”, it means “to send one’s regards”. |
| Becky: So how would I say, “send my regards to Lisa, when you see her”? |
| Elin: “Hälsa till Lisa från mig, när du ser henne.”. |
| Becky: Ok. Now let’s move on to the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Becky: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use interrogative pronouns. Interrogative pronoun are the ones you use in both indirect and direct questions. |
| Elin: And in this lesson, we’ll look more closely at the interROgative pronouns that appeared in this lesson’s dialog. They were “vem”, which means “who”, and “vilka” which means “who, plural”, “which” and “what”. |
| Becky: Where do we start? |
| Elin: Let’s start with the interrogative pronoun “vem”, meaning “who”. |
| Becky: And what about it? |
| Elin: Well, Swedish is different from English in the way that the interrogative pronoun “vem”, is only used when we are referring to one person. |
| Becky: So when Emma said “Who is Kalle”, she used this word because she’s only referring to one person? |
| Elin: That’s right, she said “Vem är Kalle”. |
| Becky: Maybe we should get our listeners to practice that. |
| Elin: Great idea! Listeners, repeat after me please! |
| Elin: “Vem är Kalle”[pause]. |
| Becky: And how would you say something like, “Who is your best friend”? |
| Elin: That’s “vem är din bästa vän”. Listeners, repeat after me! |
| Elin: “vem är din bästa vän”[pause]. |
| Becky: So what interrogative pronoun would you use if you are referring to more than one person? |
| Elin: You’ll use “vilka”. |
| Becky: That must be the pronoun Emma uses when she says, “who did you meet”. |
| Elin: Exactly! She said, “vilka träffade du”. Listeners repeat after me! |
| Elin: “Vilka träffade du”[pause]. |
| Becky: And how would you say, ”who is invited”? |
| Elin: “Vilka är bjudna”. Listeners, repeat after me! |
| Elin: “Vilka är bjudna”[pause]. |
| Becky: But can’t this interrogative pronoun also mean something else? |
| Elin: Yes “vilka” can also mean “which” and “what”, and you use it when you’re referring to plural words. |
| Becky: Ok, so how would you say something like, “which pants shall I buy”? |
| Elin: That’s, “vilka byxor ska jag köpa”. Listeners, repeat after me! |
| Elin: “Vilka byxor ska jag köpa”[pause]. |
| Becky: And how would I say, “I don’t know what pants to wear”? |
| Elin: Then you would say, “jag vet inte vilka byxor jag ska sätta på mig”. Listeners, repeat after me! |
| Elin: “Jag vet inte vilka byxor jag ska sätta på mig”[pause]. |
| Becky: Ok listeners, make sure to check the lesson notes if you’re unsure about anything from this lesson. |
Outro |
|---|
| Becky: Okay that’s it for this lesson. Thanks for listening everyone, and we’ll see you next time. |
| Elin: Hej då! |
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