Learn how to conjugate irregular verbs
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Elin: Hej allihopa! I’m Elin. |
| Becky: Hi everyone, I’m Becky. Welcome back to SwedishPod101.com. This is Upper Beginner, Season 1, Lesson 15 - What Do you Like To Do on Your Swedish Vacations? In this lesson, you’ll learn conjugation rules for irregular verbs. |
| Elin: The conversation takes place in Emma and David’s hotel room on Majorca. |
| Becky: It’s between Emma and her partner David. They’re using informal Swedish, since they’re a couple. |
| Elin: Great! Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Emma: David, jag och Elsa går ner till poolen. Ska du följa med? |
| David: Jag kommer strax, jag ska bara... |
| Emma: Vad gör du? |
| David: Jag försöker skriva ett vykort till min mamma. |
| Emma: Jag trodde du skrev ett för några dagar sen. |
| David: Ja det stämmer. Jag har redan skrivit ett. |
| Emma: Varför skriver du då ett till? |
| David: Ja men hon blir ju så glad när hon får vykort. |
| Becky: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Emma: David, jag och Elsa går ner till poolen. Ska du följa med? |
| David: Jag kommer strax, jag ska bara... |
| Emma: Vad gör du? |
| David: Jag försöker skriva ett vykort till min mamma. |
| Emma: Jag trodde du skrev ett för några dagar sen. |
| David: Ja det stämmer. Jag har redan skrivit ett. |
| Emma: Varför skriver du då ett till? |
| David: Ja men hon blir ju så glad när hon får vykort. |
| Becky: Now let's hear it with the English translation. |
| Emma: David, jag och Elsa går ner till poolen. Ska du följa med? |
| Emma: David, Elsa and me are going down to the pool. Are you going to come? |
| David: Jag kommer strax, jag ska bara... |
| David: I'll be right there, I'm just going to... |
| Emma: Vad gör du? |
| Emma: What are you doing? |
| David: Jag försöker skriva ett vykort till min mamma. |
| David: I'm trying to write a postcard to my mom. |
| Emma: Jag trodde du skrev ett för några dagar sen. |
| Emma: I thought you wrote one a couple of days ago. |
| David: Ja det stämmer. Jag har redan skrivit ett. |
| David: Yes, that's right. I've already written one. |
| Emma: Varför skriver du då ett till? |
| Emma: Why are you writing one more then? |
| David: Ja men hon blir ju så glad när hon får vykort. |
| David: Well, she gets so happy when she gets postcards. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Becky: I must say that I envy Emma and her family, I would really like some vacation right now! |
| Elin: It does sound nice! |
| Becky: How much vacation do Swedes generally get? |
| Elin: Well, by law, Swedes are entitled to at least 25 day of annual leave, which is quite a lot compared to some other countries. |
| Becky: That sounds great! But do you have to be a full-time employee to get that much vacation? |
| Elin: No, it does not matter whether you have full-time, part-time, or project based employment, you are still entitled to 25 days per year. |
| Becky: And how about payment? Do you get a salary during those 25 days? |
| Elin: Yes. All employers have to pay 12 percent of the employee’s annual income, in annual leave salary. |
| Becky: Okay, so that means that if you have a higher income, then you also will get more annual leave salary. |
| Elin: That’s right! |
| Becky: Well that’s great to hear. Now let’s now move on to the vocabulary. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Becky: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word we shall see is... |
| Elin: ner [natural native speed] |
| Becky: down |
| Elin: ner [slowly - broken down by syllable] ner [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next |
| Elin: polen [natural native speed] |
| Becky: pool |
| Elin: polen [slowly - broken down by syllable] polen [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next |
| Elin: att kommer strax [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to be right there |
| Elin: att kommer strax [slowly - broken down by syllable] att kommer strax [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next |
| Elin: att försöka [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to try |
| Elin: att försöka [slowly - broken down by syllable] att försöka [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next |
| Elin: att skriva [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to write |
| Elin: att skriva [slowly - broken down by syllable] att skriva [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next |
| Elin: att tro [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to think |
| Elin: att tro [slowly - broken down by syllable] att tro [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next |
| Elin: till [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to |
| Elin: till [slowly - broken down by syllable] till [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next |
| Elin: glad [natural native speed] |
| Becky: happy |
| Elin: glad [slowly - broken down by syllable] glad [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next |
| Elin: vykort [natural native speed] |
| Becky: postcard |
| Elin: vykort [slowly - broken down by syllable] vykort [natural native speed] |
| Becky: And last... |
| Elin: redan [natural native speed] |
| Becky: already |
| Elin: redan [slowly - broken down by syllable] redan [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Becky: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Elin: First up is the expression “att komma strax”. |
| Becky: That means, “to be right there” right? |
| Elin: Well, “att komma strax” literally translates to “to come shortly”, but more naturally is “to be right there”. |
| Becky: How about when we want to say, “to be right back”? |
| Elin: Then we also need to use the adverb “tillbaka” meaning, “back”. |
| Becky: I see, so how would you say, “Wait here! I'll be right back”? |
| Elin: That’s, “Vänta här! Jag kommer tillbaka strax”. We also need to spend some time on the verb “att tro”. |
| Becky: Which corresponds to the English “to think”. But only when you want to communicate that you believe something, but this is something that we’ll cover more in an upcoming lesson. |
| Elin: For now, we will just talk about when the verb “att tro”, is used together with the preposition “på”, meaning “on”. |
| Becky: When would you use that combination? |
| Elin: “Att tro” is commonly used together with “på”, when we want to communicate that you have a certain belief, such as a religious belief, and it then means “to believe in”. |
| Becky: I see, so how would you say,”Maria believes in God”? |
| Elin: That’s, “Maria tror på Gud”. |
| Becky: What about, “Kalle believes in the tooth fairy”? |
| Elin: That would be, “Kalle tror på tandfen”. |
| Becky: Ok, now let’s move on to the grammar! |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Becky: In this lesson, you’ll learn the conjugation rules for irregular verbs. |
| Elin: That’s right! We will focus on irregular verbs with a verb stem containing a long “i”, followed by a consonant. |
| Becky: An example of a verb that belongs to this group is “to write”. |
| Elin: Correct! The verb “att skriva” belongs to this group. We will also look at how to conjugate irregular verbs such as “att bära” meaning “to carry”. Verbs such as these contain the letter “ä” - that’s the letter “a” with an umlaut. |
| Becky: Great! Let’s start with the irregular verbs that have a stem with a long “i” followed by one consonant. |
| Elin: Sure! And as we have already mentioned, the verb “att skriva” meaning “to write”, belongs to this group, and so do the verbs verbs “att skrika” meaning “to scream” and “att bita” meaning “to bite”. |
| Becky: To change the verbs belonging to this group, you just need to know the imperative of the verb. |
| Elin: That’s right, and to form the infinitive, we only have to add an -a to the imperative. So “skriv” (write) becomes “att skriva” (to write). Listeners, repeat after me! |
| Elin: “Skriv” [pause], “att skriva”[pause]. |
| Becky: To form the present, you simply need to add the ending “-er” to the imperative. |
| Elin: That’s right! So, “skriv” (write) changes to “skriver” (writes). Listeners repeat after me! |
| Elin: “Skriv” [pause], “skriver”[pause]. |
| Becky: Now, for forming the preterite, we need to change the stem vowel “i” to an “e”. |
| Elin: “Skriv” (write) becomes, “skrev”(wrote). Listeners, repeat after me! |
| Elin: “Skriv” [pause], “skrev”[pause]. |
| Becky: Finally, for the supine, you only add the ending “-it”. |
| Elin: So “skriv”(write) changes to “skrivit” (written). Listeners, repeat after me! |
| Elin: “Skriv”[pause], “skrivit”[pause]. |
| Becky: Let’s move on to the irregular verbs with a verb stem that contains the vowel “ä”. By the way listeners, we mean "a" with an umlaut again. |
| Elin: Here we have verbs such as “att bära”, meaning “to carry”, and “att skära” meaning “to cut”. |
| Becky: As before, we only need to know the imperative of these verbs to change it into the other forms. Let’s start with the infinitive, where as usual we only have to add the ending “-a”. |
| Elin: That’s right. The imperative, which is “bär” meaning “carry”, becomes “att bära” meaning “to carry”. Listeners, repeat after me! |
| Elin: “Bär” [pause], “att bära” [pause]. |
| Becky: The present tense doesn’t take an ending or change the stem vowel. In fact, the present is identical to the imperative. |
| Elin: That’s right. “bär”(carry) becomes “bär”(carries). Listeners repeat after me! |
| Elin: “Bär” [pause], “bär” [pause]. |
| Becky: As for the preterite, we need to change the stem vowel “ä” to just “a”, that’s changing it to "a" without an umlaut. |
| Elin: That means that “bär” (carry) changes to “bar” (carried). Listeners, repeat after me. |
| Elin: “Bär” [pause], “bar” [pause]. |
| Becky: Finally, for the supine, first we need to change the stem vowel from “ä” with an umlaut to “u” plus add the ending -it. |
| Elin: So “Bär”(carry) changes to “burit” (carried). Listeners, repeat after me! |
| Elin: “Bär” [pause], “burit” [pause]. |
| Becky: Ok, remember to check the lesson notes to reinforce what you’ve learned in this lesson. |
Outro |
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| Becky: Okay that’s it for this lesson. Thanks for listening everyone, and we’ll see you next time. |
| Elin: Hej då! |
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